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SensibleandHourly
Level 6
April 9, 2025
Solved

Storage Units - Sch C or Sch E?

  • April 9, 2025
  • 14 replies
  • 64 views

Hello everyone, are we having fun yet? 

Only six more days to go!!! 

So, I have an existing client who came to me several years ago with a Sch C for his storage Unit business and a Sch E for commercial rentals. He has since sold off all of his commercial rentals, and last year, I filed a Sch C for his storage units. I've always considered him active but now that I am working on his return now, I'm wondering if I should rethink that. He does plenty of book-keeping for the business as there are 60 units, as well as snowplowing and maintenance, but doesn't keep track of how many hours he spends on the business. He is also not interested in depreciation. Any thoughts as to how other preparers for storage unit business owners handle this decision would be greatly appreciated. 

Thank you, 

Dawn 

This topic has been closed for replies.
Best answer by Just-Lisa-Now-

Good morning, Lisa, The owner does all of those tasks, although he doesn't sit behind a desk all day waiting for someone to show up. But, basically, he is a one man show - sign-ups, billing, maintenance, plowing, clean-up for those who default, etc. I'm sure some weeks, he doesn't do much other than the books, and other weeks, he is fairly busy with it. I've never had him show me a calendar to see if he is actively working this business 500+ hours a year. Frankly, I would be surprised if he isn't, which is why I haven't ever questioned it, But I was just thinking, perhaps I should re-assess, and wondered how other tax preparer's make that determination and/or guide the clients. 

Thank you!

Four more days, 

Dawn


Hes running a business, this is Sch C.

14 replies

BobKamman
Level 15
April 9, 2025

Only six more months to go!  April 15 is just another fine spring day, since the invention of Form 4868.  But to answer your question, I had a client who owned a storage rental (business?  but is that the right word?) many years ago.  Sold it at a profit.  Like many, it had a resident management couple who kept an eye on the place and dealt with new and departing tenants.  They lived in a small apartment on location, which was part of their compensation.  We put it on Schedule E.  It was 100 miles away from where he lived, and he rarely visited.  The place ran itself, with good on-site management.

I compare this to the issue of trailer mobile-home parks, where the question is how much service is provided to tenants.  And then those are also compared to Airbnb's, for no good reason.  

I visited my own self-storage unit Monday, for the first time in months.  I noticed about 20 vehicles parked in the fenced-off area behind the building.  Mostly RVs; an old school bus; some collector cars.  A boat.  Those tenants are just paying to rent a few square yards of pavement.   

Why do you mention depreciation?  Wouldn't it be the same, either way?

 

qbteachmt
Level 15
April 9, 2025

"He is also not interested in depreciation."

Were you not including this already? Business property placed in service is depreciated and depreciates. He might not be interested, but that doesn't stop it from happening.

Don't yell at us; we're volunteers
SensibleandHourly
Level 6
April 9, 2025

Thank you, and you're right about the depreciation.

But, still not sure about Schedule C vs Schedule E...... He is definitely there often but is it often enough? 

 

BobKamman
Level 15
April 9, 2025

What does "being there" have to do with it?  The guy who owns a duplex and rents out the half where he doesn't live, is certainly "there" a lot of the time. 

In a 1998 Tax Court case (Harris), IRS argued that the $25,000 limit on passive activity losses applied to a self-storage building.  The judge agreed.  If you aren't going to let me take a loss, I'm not going to pay you SE tax if I show a profit.  

qbteachmt
Level 15
April 15, 2025

"the differences between active and passive income."

Bob points out a common misunderstanding.

Passive Income is a tax term. It doesn't mean "no work is involved."

Don't yell at us; we're volunteers
BobKamman
Level 15
April 15, 2025

I think one way to look at it is, what is the tenant buying?  Is he paying for a service, or is he paying for the use of property?  Is he paying you to do any work for him, or is the work you do incidental to your ownership of rental property?  

Self-storage rentals are related to trailer parks in about the same way that Airbnb rentals are related to trailer parks. That is to say, not by much, but that doesn't prevent some people from seeing an analogy.  There's an interesting Tax Court case, Bobo, where IRS argued that a 1972 Revenue Ruling applied, even though it contradicted the Regulations.  Some of the opinion could be applied to the self-storage issue:

Respondent [IRS] cites Rev. Rul. 72-331, 1972-2 C.B. 513, in support of his position which holds:

“Since the trailer park owner in the instant case cleans and maintains the grounds and maintains city sewerage, electrical connections, laundry, bath, and toilet facilities, the roadway into the trailer park, and facilities for the use of water by the owners of the trailers, he provides services other than those usually or customarily provided in connection with the rental of space only for occupancy.”

Respondent therefore argues that the following services provided by petitioners disqualify their mobile home income from the excluded real estate rental payments category: utility hookups, sewage facilities, laundry facilities and the weekly maintenance thereof, and cleaning of vacant trailers. Petitioners contend that since California law requires most of these services, they are "those usually or customarily rendered in connection with the rental of rooms or other space" within the meaning of section [pg. 710] 1.1402(a)-4(c)(2), Income Tax Regs., and are therefore excluded rental payments. We do not entirely agree with either party.

First, we consider Rev. Rul. 72-331, 1972-2 C.B. 513, to be inconsistent, in part, with the language and intendment of section 1.1402(a)-4(c)(2), Income Tax Regs. Clearly, many of the services relied upon in Rev. Rul. 72-331, supra, to disqualify the taxpayer's reliance upon section 1.1402(a)-4(c)(2), Income Tax Regs., in excluding the payments as rentals from real estate are approved in the regulation itself, such as: "the furnishing of heat and light, the cleaning of public entrances, exits, stairways and lobbies, the collection of trash, and so forth, are not considered as services rendered to the occupant."